英语阅读八大题型答题技巧详解 4

来源：中国校园文化建设网　　作者：佚名

　　4.指代题

　　标志：在题干中明确指出原文中某处的指代词，要求辨别其指代关系。常考的指代词有：it，that ，this，one，these，those等

　　例4.（2005年高考英语湖北卷阅读理解C篇）There are also rules which deal with the standard of services you get from ,say ,travel agents ,shoe repairers ,hairdressers and builders. These tell you what you should expect from any service you pay for.

　　64.The underlined word “these” in Paragraph 2 refers to “     ”。

　　A.the services B.the  workers

　　C.the goods D.the rules

　　解析：首先返回原文定位该指代词，并且90％向上、10％向下搜索其指代的词、词组或句子。然后在四个选项中找出与所找到的词、词组或句子意思最接近的一个作为答案。在本题中，我们可以看到原文中these之前的名词有rules,services,travel agents,shoe repairers, hairdressers, builders等名词，根据These tell you what you should expect from any service you pay for.（这些使你明白你所得到的付费服务应该达到怎样的水平）的意思，可以知道正确的答案是D. the rules（制度） 。因为只有制度才能约束服务行为，使服务行为得到保障。

　　5.推理题

　　标志：推理题一般含有关键词infer，imply等。

　　例5.（2005年高考英语山东卷阅读理解B篇） Under a Canadian government program for multiculturalism, the three students have received two thousand dollars with which they will do a study to find out whether Toronto’s immigrant businessmen would support an open-air market. They hope the merchants will support the plan strongly. “A study done earlier this year showed that 90 percent of shoppers would be in favor of it,” Salvatori said. “At first it would be an experiment. But we think it will prove to be good business for the merchants, as well as tourist attraction.”

　　64.It can be inferred from the text that the Canadian government supports ______.

　　A. the protection of different cultures

　　B. the plan of an open-air market

　　C. the request of merchants

　　D. the attitude of shoppers

　　解析：推理题干扰项的特点为只是原文的简单复述，而非推断出来的结论，把直接表达当作间接推理； 或者看似从原文推断出来的结论，然而实际上与原文不符，如因果倒手段变目的等，本题中的B. the plan of an open-air market  C. the request of merchants  D. the attitude of shoppers就是根据这些原理设计出来的。做题时可以寻找四个选项中三错一对的关系。 如果四个选项中有两个或两个以上的选项都是成立的推理步骤，那么与原文意思最接近、所用推理最少的选项即是正确答案。本题中找出正确答案的关键是读懂Under a Canadian government program for multiculturalism，the three students have received two thousand dollars（从加拿大政府一个多元文化项目中，三个学生获取了2000美圆的基金），这个句子，试想想，如果加拿大政府不支持对不同文化的保护，能设多元文化保护项目吗？能拨出2000美金给学生们从事多元文化的研究吗？所以，答案 A. the protection of different cultures （对多元文化的保护）自然就是正确答案了。

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